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Educational Policy
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Creating Difference: Neo-Liberalism, Neo-Conservatism and the Politics of Educational Reform

Michael W. Apple

University of Wisconsin–Madison

This article raises questions about current educational reform efforts now underway in a number of nations. Research from a number of countries is used to document some of the hidden differential effects of two connected strategies—neo-liberal inspired market proposals and neo-liberal, neo-conservative, and middle class managerial inspired regulatory proposals, including national curricula and national testing. This article describes how different interests with different educational and social visions compete for dominion in the social field of power surrounding educational policy and practice. In the process, it documents some of the complexities and imbalances in this field of power. These complexities and imbalances result in "thin" rather than "thick" morality and tend toward the reproduction of both dominant pedagogical and curricular forms and ideologies and the social privileges that accompany them.

Key Words: educational reform • markets • standards • national curriculum • national testing

Educational Policy, Vol. 18, No. 1, 12-44 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/0895904803260022
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